Acyclovir-loaded mucoadhesive microspheres using gum tragacanth as a mucoadhesive polymer and barium chloride as cross-linker were prepared for the purpose of improving oral bioavailability of acyclovir. The prepared microspheres were characterized for parameters such as percent yield, percent mucoadhesion, entrapment efficiency, in vitro release and flow properties. The formulations were optimized using central composite design using two variables viz. gum tragacanth and sodium alginate at three levels. Pharmacokinetic based mathematical models applied to drug release data suggested that the release of drug from microspheres followed fickian diffusion.

The objective of present work was to develop and evaluate a Minoxidil emulgel and compare its properties with Minoxidil gels. When gel and emulsion are used in combination the dosage form is referred as Emulgel. For preparing the emulgel, first, Minoxidil was dissolved in solvent system comprising water and propylene glycol in ratio 35:15 with liquid paraffin as oil phase. The prepared w/o emulsion was then mixed with carbopol gel solution in 1:1 ratio and finally neutralized with triethanolamine to form emulgel. Total eight formulations were prepared of which four were gels and other four were Emulgels. The gels were evaluated for physicochemical parameters, in vitro drug release and ex vivo permeation study. Among developed formulations, F1 showed 56.30% cumulative release after 8 h, whereas F6 showed 72.31% release after 8 h.

In present investigation, a stability indicating RP-HPLC method for estimation of Atorvastatin calcium in solid dosages form is developed and validated. The chromatographic separation was achieved on Phenomenax Luna C18 (50 × 4.6 mm,5 µm) column using a mobile phase consisting of methanol:acetonitrile:water in the ratio of 70:20:10 % v/v, at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and UV detection at 256 nm. The linearity of the proposed method for Atorvastatin Calcium was 2-10 µg/ml (r2= 0.999) and retention time for Atorvastatin calcium was found to be 1.9223. The method was validated for accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility, robustness and system suitability. LOD and LOQ of Atorvastatin calcium were found to be 1.218 µg/ml and 4.060 µg/ml respectively. The stability studies of Atorvastatin calcium were conducted and the degradation characteristics were found to be much more prominent in alkaline hydrolysis (alkaline stress condition).

The anticonvulsants are Food and Drug Administration approved, for the prevention and/or treatment of various seizure disorders either as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy. The goal of an anticonvulsant is to suppress the rapid and excessive firing of neurons that start a seizure. Due to the non-selectivity of the anticonvulsants and the undesirable side effects posed by them the use of current antiepileptic drugs has been questioned. This led to an intensive investigation in this area worldwide during the past 10 years. As far as drug efficacy and safety is concerned there have been some significant outcomes and the findings are promising. This review covers the brief description of epilepsy and various heterocyclic moieties that have shown encouraging anticonvulsant activity and less neurotoxicity.